Mark Bishofsky

[WantDisclosure]

Hospital protocols that patients are subjected to are an issue.

Mark Bishofsky is a respiratory therapist, so in his case the protocol in question has to do with ventilators.

You may remember politicians talking about supplying ventilators early on in the "pandemic."

I remember Dr. Larry Palevsky explaining that the symptoms called COVID were NOT the kind of symptoms that called for artificial respiration—they were symptoms that indicated a poisoning that compromised the red blood cell's ability to bind to oxygen so that it could be delivered to the patient's vital organs.

And I remember a very concerned physician in NYC saying that the symptoms were like the symptoms of altitude sickness and should not be treated with a ventilator.

Respiratory Therapist Speaks Out

childrenshealthdefense

Streamed on: Sep 30, 7:00 pm EDT

Why the “rush to intubate” COVID patients in the hospital? Whistleblower Mark Bishofsky takes viewers through the process, dangers, incentives and abuse of pandemic protocols. “Intubation should be a last resort,” he explains. “Many thousands of patients died because of this.” Watch his shocking testimony on CHD.TV.


Source: https://rumble.com/v/v5en00d

[Emil El Zapato]

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment & Management
Updated: Sep 10, 2024
Author: David J Cennimo, MD, FAAP, FACP, FIDSA, AAHIVS; Chief Editor: Michael Stuart Bronze, MD

Approach Considerations

Utilization of programs established by the FDA to allow clinicians to gain access to investigational therapies during the pandemic has been essential. The expanded access (EA) and emergency use authorization (EUA) programs allowed for rapid deployment of potential therapies for investigation and investigational therapies with emerging evidence. A review by Rizk et al describes the role for each of these measures, and their importance to providing medical countermeasures in the event of infectious disease and other threats. [10]

Remdesivir, an antiviral agent, was the first drug to gain full FDA approval for treatment of hospitalized adults and adolescents with COVID-19 disease in October 2020. Since then, it has gained approval for adults and pediatric patients (birth who weigh at least 1.5 kg) with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 diease who are hospitalized, or not hospitalized and are at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death. [142]

Treatment does not preclude isolation and masking for those who test positive for SARS-CoV-2.

The first vaccine to gain full FDA approval was mRNA-COVID-19 vaccine (Comirnaty; Pfizer) in August 2021. A second mRNA vaccine (Spikevax; Moderna) was approved by the FDA in January 2022. Additionally, each of these vaccines have EUAs for children as young as 6 months.

Baricitinib (Olumiant), a Janus kinase inhibitor, gained FDA approval for hospitalized adults with COVID-19 disease who require supplemental oxygen, noninvasive or invasive mechanical ventilation, or ECMO. An EUA for children has been issued for baricitinib.

Similar to baricitinib, tocilizumab (Actemra), an interleukin 6 inhibitor, was approved by the FDA for hospitalized adults. An EUA remains in place for children aged 2 years and older.

EUAs also have been issued for vaccines and convalescent plasma in the United States. A full list of EUAs and access to the Fact Sheets for Healthcare Providers are available from the FDA.

Use of corticosteroids improves survival in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 disease requiring supplemental oxygen, with the greatest benefit shown in those requiring mechanical ventilation. [143]

All infected patients should receive supportive care to help alleviate symptoms. Vital organ function should be supported in severe cases. [20]

Initially, concerns were raised about the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) potentially heightening the risk for adverse effects in COVID-19 patients, but the WHO stated in late April 2020 that NSAIDs do not increase the risk for adverse events or affect acute healthcare usage, long-term survival, or quality of life in individuals with COVID-19. [144]

Numerous collaborative efforts to discover and evaluate effectiveness of antivirals, immunotherapies, monoclonal antibodies, and vaccines have rapidly emerged. Guidelines and reviews of pharmacotherapy for COVID-19 have been published. [145]

In the search for effective COVID-19 therapies, Gordon et al identified 332 high-confidence SARS-CoV-2 human protein-protein interactions, pinpointing 66 human proteins or host factors targeted by 69 existing FDA-approved drugs, drugs in clinical trials, and preclinical compounds, with ongoing assessment of the potential efficacy of these medications in live SARS-CoV-2 infection assays as of March 22, 2020. [146]

The NIH Accelerating Covid-19 Therapeutics Interventions and Vaccines (ACTIV) trials public-private partnership to develop a coordinated research strategy has several ongoing protocols that are adaptive to the progression of standard care.

The potential translation and efficacy of COVID-19 treatments to human use is a complex and time-consuming process, with Arshad et al investigating the plasma pharmacokinetics of existing drugs with in vitro antiviral activity to determine if current approved doses could achieve adequate concentrations, evaluating in vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity data and calculating ratios of EC90 values to achievable maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) after approved human doses' administration to predict lung concentrations surpassing EC50 levels. [147]

The WHO developed a blueprint of potential therapeutic candidates in January 2020. The WHO's SOLIDARITY trial, which began in January 2020, assessed various treatments for COVID-19. Initial findings in July 2020 showed that hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, and lopinavir/ritonavir had little impact on reducing mortality compared to standard care. [148] Interim results in October 2020 found that these antiviral agents had limited effect on COVID-19 patients in terms of mortality, ventilation need, and hospital stay duration. The next phase, Solidarity PLUS, began in August 2021, testing three new drugs in over 600 hospitals in 52 countries. Patients will be randomly assigned to standard care or standard care plus one of the study drugs, with approximate costs ranging from $400/day to $50,000 for a course of treatment. [149]

The next phase of the trial, Solidarity PLUS, continued in August 2021. WHO announced over 600 hospitals in 52 countries will participate in testing three drugs (ie, artesunate, imatinib, infliximab). Patients will be randomized to standard of care (SOC) or SOC plus one of the study drugs. The drugs for the trial were donated by the manufacturers; however, approximate costs are $400/day for imatinib, $3,500 for a dose of infliximab, and $50,000 for a course of artesunate.

The urgent need for treatments during a pandemic can confound the interpretation of resulting outcomes of a therapy if data are not carefully collected and controlled. Andre Kalil, MD, MPH, writes of the detriment of drugs used as a single-group intervention without a concurrent control group that ultimately lead to no definitive conclusion of efficacy or safety. [150]

Rome and Avorn warn against the risks of widening access to experimental therapies, which may cause harm without clear benefits and lead to delays in research and shortages of approved medications for chronic conditions. [151] Drug shortages during the pandemic extend beyond COVID-19 treatments to drugs essential for ventilated and critically ill patients, as well as inhalers for COPD and asthma. [152, 153] Evaluating emerging information on potential COVID-19 therapies has been challenging, but F. Perry Wilson provides a concise guide for clinicians to assess study evidence, using the example of a case series on hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin. [154]


The CDC has resources on global COVID-19 on its website.


The Medscape article Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) includes discussions of fluid management, noninvasive ventilation and high-flow nasal cannula, mechanical ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

For further research:

Some have raised concerns over whether patients with respiratory distress have presentations more like those of high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) than ARDS.